GSE114527

A systems biology approach identifies ANP32E and other biomarkers of glucocorticoid refractoriness in ulcerative colitis [microarray]

Whole-study status Not suitable

Dataset does not meet the current suitability threshold.

Whole-study downloads — these do not apply your sample requirements.

Selected cohort requirements

Samples meeting selected requirements: 0 cases / 0 controls

View matching samples

32 case / 6 control samples elsewhere in the study have incomplete or conflicting evidence; they are not included above

Patient pairs verified in indexed sample metadata: 0

A case/control comparison meeting these requirements is not confirmed.

Counts describe samples, not independent patients. Pair verification uses explicit subject identifiers in indexed sample metadata. Zero verified pairs does not establish that the study is unpaired; reported matched-normal design alone is insufficient.

Summary

BACKGROUND: Glucocorticoid (GC) refractoriness is a common and unpredictable phenomenon in ulcerative colitis (UC). Although it has been demonstrated that NFkB is involved in its mechanism of action (MoA), there are no conclusive studies on the molecular functions involved. The current study describes in depth the MoA related to GC failure, by integrating transcriptomic data from UC patients, and updated molecular data on UC and GC. METHODS: miRNA and mRNA expression from rectal biopsies of active UC patients, obtained before and on the 3rd day of GC treatment, were evaluated by sequencing and microarrays, respectively. The differential results obtained were integrated into the mathematical models generated by Systems Biology. RESULTS: This computational approach identified 64 proteins, among which 18 stand out, either by being associated to the MoA or by providing a major capacity to classify the patients according to GC response. The biological functions of these proteins have been linked with inflammation, machinery GC-induced transcription and angiogenesis. All the selected proteins but one —Acidic leucine-rich Nuclear Phosphoprotein 32 family member E (ANP32E) — had previously been related to UC and/or GC-induced biological actions. ANP32E has been linked to the exchange of H2A to H2A.z histone, which promotes CG receptor complex-activated transcription. Western blot and immunofluorescence assays confirmed the predictive results obtained by Systems Biology. CONCLUSIONS: A comprehensive MoA of GC refractoriness has been described, highlighting the key role of GC-induced transcription in this phenomenon. Several proteins have been identified as putative predictors of GC refractoriness.

Overall design

Intestinal tissue from individuals with or without active ulcerative colitis (AUC) was collected and, those with AUC were characterized for their capacity to response to glucocorticoids treatment. microRNAs and mRNAs profiles were studied for each sample by microRNAseq and gene expression microarray, respectively.

Source Evidence

4 sources
Source Contribution Status
GEO

Original dataset metadata, sample metadata, source links, and GEO data availability flags.

Sample records
38 GSM samples
Primary source
recount3

Planned trusted source for processed count availability.

No match found
Expression Atlas

Planned source for curated expression experiment links.

No match found
PubMed

Primary GEO citations and related PubMed articles that mention this dataset.

2 linked publications 2 DOIs

Primary publication

  1. ANP32E, a Protein Involved in Steroid-Refractoriness in Ulcerative Colitis, Identified by a Systems Biology Approach. Journal of Crohn's & colitis, 2019

Related publications

  1. Identification of useful genes from multiple microarrays for ulcerative colitis diagnosis based on machine learning methods. Scientific reports, 2022
Available

Metadata Quality Components

Analysis Readiness

Review before analysis
97% DE readiness

Contrast completeness

25/25 pts

Both case and control groups are present in the proposed grouping.

Minimum group size

20/20 pts

Each contrast group has at least 2 samples.

Processed data availability

20/20 pts

Processed data is marked available in the GEO index.

Sample decision clarity

15/15 pts

All samples are assigned to a case or control group.

Blocking warnings

7/10 pts

Warnings are present, but none are critical blockers.

Metadata normalization

10/10 pts

Metadata quality is high enough to support downstream handoff.

Blockers

  • Secondary RNA assay context should be analyzed separately from ordinary bulk RNA-seq.

Next Steps

  • Review blockers and update sample grouping or dataset selection before analysis.

Analysis Preparation Checklist

5/6 ready

Group labels reviewed

Needs review

Siftome proposed case and control labels, but no reviewer confirmation is stored yet.

Open the sample grouping CSV and confirm group labels before analysis.

Minimum sample count met

Ready

Both groups meet the minimum of 2 samples.

Confirm whether the cohort is large enough for the intended statistical analysis.

Processed counts available

Ready

Processed data availability is marked true in the GEO index.

Verify that downloaded processed files contain usable count or expression identifiers.

Ambiguous samples handled

Ready

No review-needed or unassigned samples are present in the proposed grouping.

Review the grouping table for biologically meaningful differences that the automated checks may not detect.

Exclusion decisions recorded

Ready

No hard-excluded samples were detected by the current rules.

Record any manual exclusions in the downstream analysis notes.

Source traceability preserved

Ready

The dataset and sample accessions can be traced back to GEO.

Keep GEO accessions with exported metadata.

Bioinformatician Review

Bioinformatician review required

Ask a bioinformatician to review grouping, count availability, exclusions, and design before DE.

Analysis readiness has blockers that must be resolved before DE.

Assay context may require expert handling before DESeq2-style analysis.

Why This Is Ranked Here

Tumor vs normal
Not suitable Dataset does not meet the current suitability threshold.

Applied Review Decisions

No active review decisions affect this ranking.

Derived Classifications

  • Assay differs from search intent Microarray Search intent expects bulk RNA-seq. Assay came from Normalization rules.
  • Disease context Ulcerative colitis Disease context came from Normalization rules.
  • Likely case group Ulcerative colitis 32 samples
  • Likely control group Healthy control 6 samples

Intent Interpretation

  • Downgrade or exclusion reason Downgraded assay: microarray cohorts are separated from the RNA-seq intent. Derived from current-intent ranking reasons.

Ranking Facts

Supporting evidence

  • Comparison: Disease/model vs control. Specimen: Tissue. Comparison suitability: 0%.
  • Interpreted disease metadata: Ulcerative colitis.
  • Processed data is available for downstream review.
  • External evidence: PubMed links 2 publications; 2 DOIs available: PMID 30329026, PMID 35705632.
  • Publication context: ANP32E, a Protein Involved in Steroid-Refractoriness in Ulcerative Colitis, Identified by a Systems Biology Approach.. Journal of Crohn's & colitis, 2019. PMID 30329026. DOI 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjy171.
  • Publication context: Identification of useful genes from multiple microarrays for ulcerative colitis diagnosis based on machine learning methods.. Scientific reports, 2022. PMID 35705632. DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-14048-6.

Cautions

  • Downgraded assay: microarray cohorts are separated from the RNA-seq intent.
  • Disease/control design without a tumor/normal comparison is outside tumor/normal triage.
  • Microarray expression context downgraded below primary bulk RNA-seq for the default tissue ranking.
  • Small RNA, miRNA, circRNA, or extracellular-vesicle RNA context downgraded for primary mRNA tissue ranking.
  • Overall score capped because comparison suitability is weak for the selected search intent.
  • Overall score capped because microarray cohorts should be compared separately from RNA-seq cohorts.
  • Comparison suitability score is below the Phase 1 recommended threshold.

Dataset Warnings

Normalized Fields

93 fields

Sample Group Preview

38 rows shown
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Study totals: Case 32 | Control 6 | Unassigned 0 | Excluded 0 | Ambiguous 0 38 rows shown
Group Role Accession Title Source / characteristics Reason
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143536 AAA0500904 D04 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who will have a poor response to treatment (non-responders, NR) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143537 AAA0500905 D05 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who will have a poor response to treatment (non-responders, NR) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143538 AAA0500907 D07 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who have a good response to treatment (responders, R) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143540 AAA0500916 D16 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Non-Responders (NR) patients collected on the 3rd day Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143541 AAA0500917 D17 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Non-Responders (NR) patients collected on the 3rd day Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143542 AAA0500919 D19 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Collected on the third day of treatment in treatment-responders (R) patients Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143543 AAA0500926 D26 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who have a good response to treatment (responders, R) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143544 AAA0500928 D28 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who have a good response to treatment (responders, R) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143545 AAA0500929 D29 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who will have a poor response to treatment (non-responders, NR) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143546 AAA0500930 D30 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who have a good response to treatment (responders, R) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143547 AAA0500931 D31 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who have a good response to treatment (responders, R) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143548 AAA0500940 D40 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Collected on the third day of treatment in treatment-responders (R) patients Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143549 AAA0500941 D41 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Non-Responders (NR) patients collected on the 3rd day Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143550 AAA0500942 D42 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Collected on the third day of treatment in treatment-responders (R) patients Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143551 AAA0500943 D43 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Collected on the third day of treatment in treatment-responders (R) patients Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143553 AAA0500952 D52 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who have a good response to treatment (responders, R) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143554 AAA0500953_a D53 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who will have a poor response to treatment (non-responders, NR) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143555 AAA0500954_a D54 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who have a good response to treatment (responders, R) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143556 AAA0500955 D55 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who have a good response to treatment (responders, R) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143558 AAA0500964 D64 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Collected on the third day of treatment in treatment-responders (R) patients Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143559 AAA0500965_a D65 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Non-Responders (NR) patients collected on the 3rd day Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143560 AAA0500966 D66 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Collected on the third day of treatment in treatment-responders (R) patients Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143561 AAA0500967 D67 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Collected on the third day of treatment in treatment-responders (R) patients Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143563 AAA0500975 D75 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who will have a poor response to treatment (non-responders, NR) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143564 AAA0500976 D76 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Collected on the third day of treatment in treatment-responders (R) patients Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143565 AAA0500977 D77 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids and who will have a poor response to treatment (non-responders, NR) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143566 AAA0500978 D78 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Patients with active ulcerative colitis before receiving glucocorticoids tand who have a good response to treatment (responders, R) Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143568 AAA0500987 D87 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Non-Responders (NR) patients collected on the 3rd day Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143569 AAA0500988 D88 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Non-Responders (NR) patients collected on the 3rd day Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143570 AAA0500989_a D89 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Non-Responders (NR) patients collected on the 3rd day Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143571 AAA0500990 D90 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Collected on the third day of treatment in treatment-responders (R) patients Case marker detected.
Ulcerative colitis Case GSM3143572 AAA0500991_a D91 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Ulcerative colitis; Individual: Non-Responders (NR) patients collected on the 3rd day Case marker detected.
Healthy control Control GSM3143535 AAA0500902 D02 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Healthy control; Individual: Healthy controls Sample-local control marker detected.
Healthy control Control GSM3143539 AAA0500914 D14 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Healthy control; Individual: Healthy controls Sample-local control marker detected.
Healthy control Control GSM3143552 AAA0500949 D49 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Healthy control; Individual: Healthy controls Sample-local control marker detected.
Healthy control Control GSM3143557 AAA0500961_a D61 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Healthy control; Individual: Healthy controls Sample-local control marker detected.
Healthy control Control GSM3143562 AAA0500973 D73 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Healthy control; Individual: Healthy controls Sample-local control marker detected.
Healthy control Control GSM3143567 AAA0500985_a D85 Tissue: Intestine; Disease state: Healthy control; Individual: Healthy controls Sample-local control marker detected.

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