GSE15573

Immunity and Defense Genes in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Rheumatoid Arthritis patients

Whole-study status Not suitable

Dataset does not meet the current suitability threshold.

Whole-study downloads — these do not apply your sample requirements.

Selected cohort requirements

Samples meeting selected requirements: 0 cases / 0 controls

View matching samples

Patient pairs verified in indexed sample metadata: 0

A case/control comparison meeting these requirements is not confirmed.

Counts describe samples, not independent patients. Pair verification uses explicit subject identifiers in indexed sample metadata. Zero verified pairs does not establish that the study is unpaired; reported matched-normal design alone is insufficient.

Summary

Large-scale gene expression profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients could provide a molecular description that reflects the contribution of diverse cellular responses associated with this disease. The aim of our study is to identify peripheral blood gene expression profiles for RA patients, using Illumina technology, to gain insights into RA molecular mechanisms. The Illumina Human-6v2 Expression BeadChips were used for a complete genome-wide transcript profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 18 RA patients and 15 Controls. Differential analysis per gene was performed with one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and P values were adjusted to control the False Discovery Rate (FDR<5%). Genes differentially expressed at significant level between patients and controls were analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) in the PANTHER database to identify biological processes. A differentially expression of 339 Reference Sequence genes (238 down-regulated and 101 up-regulated) between the two groups was observed. We identified a remarkably elevated expression of a spectrum of genes involved in Immunity and Defense in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of RA patients compared to Controls. This result is confirmed by GO analysis, suggesting that these genes could be activated systemically in RA. No significant down-regulated ontology groups were found. Microarrays data were validated by real time PCR in a set of nine genes showing a high degree of correlation. Our study highlighted several new genes that could contribute in the identification of innovative clinical biomarkers for diagnostic procedures and therapeutic intervention. Further studies on larger scale groups of patients should be performed with the same technology to replicate these results and to allow clinical stratification.

Overall design

33 samples analyzed corresponding to 18 Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients and 15 Controls

Source Evidence

4 sources
Source Contribution Status
GEO

Original dataset metadata, sample metadata, source links, and GEO data availability flags.

Sample records
33 GSM samples
Primary source
recount3

Planned trusted source for processed count availability.

No match found
Expression Atlas

Planned source for curated expression experiment links.

No match found
PubMed

Primary GEO citations and related PubMed articles that mention this dataset.

9 linked publications 9 DOIs

Primary publication

  1. Transcriptome analysis describing new immunity and defense genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of rheumatoid arthritis patients. PloS one, 2009

Related publications

  1. SLAM receptors regulate immune checkpoints via SAP and EAT- 2 in rheumatoid arthritis: association with disease activity. Clinical rheumatology, 2025
  2. Identification and Experimental Verification of PDK4 as a Potential Biomarker for Diagnosis and Treatment in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Molecular biotechnology, 2025
  3. Identification of immunological characteristics and cuproptosis-related molecular clusters in Rheumatoid arthritis. International immunopharmacology, 2023
  4. PCBP1 is associated with rheumatoid arthritis by affecting RNA products of genes involved in immune response in Th1 cells. Scientific reports, 2022
  5. Biosemantics guided gene expression profiling of Sjögren's syndrome: a comparative analysis with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis research & therapy, 2017
  6. Targeting ORM1-CCR5 axis inhibits the aggressive phenotype of synovial fibroblasts and alleviates RA. Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland), 2026
  7. Identifying Diagnostic Biomarkers for Electroacupuncture Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Bioinformatic Analysis and Machine Learning Algorithms. Journal of pain research, 2025
  8. Shared gene signatures between rheumatoid arthritis and Sjögren's syndrome. American journal of clinical and experimental immunology, 2026
Available

Metadata Quality Components

Analysis Readiness

Ready after review
97% DE readiness

Contrast completeness

25/25 pts

Both case and control groups are present in the proposed grouping.

Minimum group size

20/20 pts

Each contrast group has at least 2 samples.

Processed data availability

20/20 pts

Processed data is marked available in the GEO index.

Sample decision clarity

15/15 pts

All samples are assigned to a case or control group.

Blocking warnings

7/10 pts

Warnings are present, but none are critical blockers.

Metadata normalization

10/10 pts

Metadata quality is high enough to support downstream handoff.

Blockers

No readiness blockers detected.

Next Steps

  • Verify the proposed sample assignments and case-versus-control comparison against the GEO metadata before using them in DESeq2 or another differential-expression tool.
  • Confirm processed count files and sample identifiers match the exported metadata.

Analysis Preparation Checklist

5/6 ready

Group labels reviewed

Needs review

Siftome proposed case and control labels, but no reviewer confirmation is stored yet.

Open the sample grouping CSV and confirm group labels before analysis.

Minimum sample count met

Ready

Both groups meet the minimum of 2 samples.

Confirm whether the cohort is large enough for the intended statistical analysis.

Processed counts available

Ready

Processed data availability is marked true in the GEO index.

Verify that downloaded processed files contain usable count or expression identifiers.

Ambiguous samples handled

Ready

No review-needed or unassigned samples are present in the proposed grouping.

Review the grouping table for biologically meaningful differences that the automated checks may not detect.

Exclusion decisions recorded

Ready

No hard-excluded samples were detected by the current rules.

Record any manual exclusions in the downstream analysis notes.

Source traceability preserved

Ready

The dataset and sample accessions can be traced back to GEO.

Keep GEO accessions with exported metadata.

Bioinformatician Review

Bioinformatician review required

Ask a bioinformatician to review grouping, count availability, exclusions, and design before DE.

Assay context may require expert handling before DESeq2-style analysis.

Why This Is Ranked Here

Tumor vs normal
Not suitable Dataset does not meet the current suitability threshold.

Applied Review Decisions

No active review decisions affect this ranking.

Derived Classifications

  • Assay differs from search intent Microarray Search intent expects bulk RNA-seq. Assay came from Normalization rules.
  • Disease context Rheumatoid arthritis Disease context came from Normalization rules.
  • Likely case group Rheumatoid arthritis 18 samples
  • Likely control group Control 15 samples

Intent Interpretation

  • Downgrade or exclusion reason Downgraded for tissue search because it is a biofluid cohort. Derived from current-intent ranking reasons.

Ranking Facts

Supporting evidence

  • Comparison: Disease/model vs control. Specimen: Biofluid. Comparison suitability: 0%.
  • Interpreted disease metadata: Rheumatoid arthritis.
  • Processed data is available for downstream review.
  • External evidence: PubMed links 9 publications; 9 DOIs available: PMID 19710928, PMID 28818099, PMID 35589811, PMID 37595490, PMID 39466354.
  • Publication context: Transcriptome analysis describing new immunity and defense genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of rheumatoid arthritis patients.. PloS one, 2009. PMID 19710928. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0006803.
  • Publication context: Biosemantics guided gene expression profiling of Sjögren's syndrome: a comparative analysis with systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis.. Arthritis research & therapy, 2017. PMID 28818099. DOI 10.1186/s13075-017-1400-3.
  • Publication context: PCBP1 is associated with rheumatoid arthritis by affecting RNA products of genes involved in immune response in Th1 cells.. Scientific reports, 2022. PMID 35589811. DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-12594-7.
  • Publication context: 6 additional linked PubMed publications are available.

Cautions

  • Downgraded for tissue search because it is a biofluid cohort.
  • Downgraded assay: microarray cohorts are separated from the RNA-seq intent.
  • Disease/control design without a tumor/normal comparison is outside tumor/normal triage.
  • Blood, plasma, or serum cohort downgraded because this ranking targets tissue tumor-vs-normal comparisons.
  • Microarray expression context downgraded below primary bulk RNA-seq for the default tissue ranking.
  • Overall score capped because comparison suitability is weak for the selected search intent.
  • Overall score capped because microarray cohorts should be compared separately from RNA-seq cohorts.
  • Comparison suitability score is below the Phase 1 recommended threshold.

Dataset Warnings

Normalized Fields

154 fields

Sample Group Preview

33 rows shown
Show Hide
Study totals: Case 18 | Control 15 | Unassigned 0 | Excluded 0 | Ambiguous 0 33 rows shown
Group Role Accession Title Source / characteristics Reason
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389703 06R021 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 71; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389704 06R019 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 72; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389706 06R024 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 60; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389708 06R022 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Male; Age: 49; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389711 06R025 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 69; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389714 06R049 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 52; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389716 06R041 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 60; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389717 06R029 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 58; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389719 07R055 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Male; Age: 80; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389721 07R060 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 62; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389722 07R057 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 57; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389724 07R065 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 46; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389726 06R028 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 64; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389727 07R059 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 52; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389730 07R083 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Male; Age: 58; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389731 07R058 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Male; Age: 72; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389733 06R030 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 54; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Rheumatoid arthritis Case GSM389735 07R054 RA Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Rheumatoid Arthritis Patient; Gender: Female; Age: 63; Tissue: Blood Explicit sample label case marker detected.
Control Control GSM389705 06R006 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Male; Age: 67; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389707 07R062 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Female; Age: 63; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389709 06R033 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Female; Age: 54; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389710 06R004 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Female; Age: 49; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389712 07R069 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Male; Age: 45; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389713 06R014 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Female; Age: 61; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389715 07R068 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Female; Age: 47; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389718 06R016 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Male; Age: 47; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389720 06R009 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Female; Age: 48; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389723 06R038 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Female; Age: 53; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389725 06R052 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Male; Age: 49; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389728 06R031 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Male; Age: 66; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389729 07R084 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Female; Age: 51; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389732 06R044 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Female; Age: 54; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.
Control Control GSM389734 06R017 Control Peripheral Mononuclear Blood Cells Status: Control; Gender: Female; Age: 55; Tissue: Blood Sample-local control marker detected.

Use as Discovery Cohort

External Validation Finder

Carry Siftome's disease, organism, specimen, assay, data type, and accession into a validation project. Uncertain fields remain Unknown.