GSE156453

In vivo gene expression profile of human intestinal epithelial cells: from the viewpoint of drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics

Whole-study status Not suitable

Dataset does not meet the current suitability threshold.

Whole-study downloads — these do not apply your sample requirements.

Selected cohort requirements

Samples meeting selected requirements: 0 cases / 0 controls

View matching samples

26 case / 0 control samples elsewhere in the study have incomplete or conflicting evidence; they are not included above

Patient pairs verified in indexed sample metadata: 0

A case/control comparison meeting these requirements is not confirmed.

Counts describe samples, not independent patients. Pair verification uses explicit subject identifiers in indexed sample metadata. Zero verified pairs does not establish that the study is unpaired; reported matched-normal design alone is insufficient.

Summary

Orally administered drugs are absorbed and metabolized in the intestine. In order to accurately predict pharmacokinetics in the intestine, it is essential to understand the intestinal expression profiles of genes related to drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). However, in many previous studies, gene expression analysis in the intestine has been carried out using specimens from cancer patients. In this study, in order to obtain a more accurate gene expression profile, biopsy samples were collected from 14 patients under endoscopic observation and RNA-seq analysis was performed. Gene expression analysis of drug metabolizing enzymes (CYPs), non-CYP enzymes, nuclear receptors, drug conjugating enzymes (UGTs and SULTs), and apical and basolateral drug transporters was performed in biopsy samples from the duodenum, ileum, colon, and rectum. The proportions of the CYPs expressed in the ileum were 25% (CYP3A4), 19% (CYP2C18), and 14% (CYP3A5). CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 were highly expressed in the duodenum and ileum, but not in the colon and rectum. In the ileum, apical transporters such as P-gp, PEPT1, BCRP, MRP2, and ASBT were strongly expressed, and the expression levels of P-gp and ASBT in the ileum were higher than those in other regions. In the ileum, basolateral transporters such as OSTα, OSTβ, and MRP3 were strongly expressed. Furthermore, we identified specific markers for the duodenum, ileum, colon, and rectum by conducting comprehensive gene expression analysis. We succeeded in obtaining gene expression profiles of drug ADME-related genes in vivo human intestinal epithelial cells. We expect that this information would be useful for accurate prediction of the pharmacokinetics of oral drugs.

Overall design

RNA expression profiles of Intestinal biopsy. iPS-derived enterocyte, Caco-2 cell and undifferentiated iPS-cells are used as reference control sample.

Source Evidence

4 sources
Source Contribution Status
GEO

Original dataset metadata, sample metadata, source links, and GEO data availability flags.

Sample records
33 GSM samples
Primary source
recount3

Planned trusted source for processed count availability.

No match found
Expression Atlas

Planned source for curated expression experiment links.

No match found
PubMed

Primary GEO citations and related PubMed articles that mention this dataset.

1 linked publication 1 DOI

Primary publication

  1. In Vivo Gene Expression Profile of Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells: From the Viewpoint of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 2021
Available

Metadata Quality Components

Analysis Readiness

Not ready
52% DE readiness

Contrast completeness

10/25 pts

Only one side of the contrast is present; downstream DE needs both groups.

Minimum group size

0/20 pts

Minimum group size cannot be evaluated until a complete contrast exists.

Processed data availability

20/20 pts

Processed data is marked available in the GEO index.

Sample decision clarity

12/15 pts

All non-excluded samples are assigned; excluded samples should still be confirmed.

Blocking warnings

0/10 pts

Critical warnings must be resolved before downstream analysis.

Metadata normalization

10/10 pts

Metadata quality is high enough to support downstream handoff.

Blockers

  • No complete case/control contrast is available.
  • Critical dataset warnings must be resolved.

Next Steps

  • Confirm excluded samples before creating the final analysis metadata file.
  • Resolve critical warnings before downstream analysis.

Analysis Preparation Checklist

3/6 ready

Group labels reviewed

Blocked

No complete case/control grouping exists yet.

Review the sample grouping table and assign both case and control groups.

Minimum sample count met

Blocked

At least one group has fewer than 2 samples.

Choose a larger dataset or merge only scientifically valid groups.

Processed counts available

Ready

Processed data availability is marked true in the GEO index.

Verify that downloaded processed files contain usable count or expression identifiers.

Ambiguous samples handled

Ready

No review-needed or unassigned samples are present in the proposed grouping.

Review the grouping table for biologically meaningful differences that the automated checks may not detect.

Exclusion decisions recorded

Needs review

7 samples have hard exclusion flags in the proposed grouping.

Confirm excluded samples and preserve the reason in the analysis handoff.

Source traceability preserved

Ready

The dataset and sample accessions can be traced back to GEO.

Keep GEO accessions with exported metadata.

Bioinformatician Review

Bioinformatician review required

Ask a bioinformatician to review grouping, count availability, exclusions, and design before DE.

Analysis readiness has blockers that must be resolved before DE.

Analysis preparation checklist contains blocked items.

No complete case/control or treatment/control contrast is available.

At least one comparison group has fewer than two samples.

Critical dataset warnings are present.

Study design is model-system or unclear and should be reviewed before analysis.

Why This Is Ranked Here

Tumor vs normal
Not suitable Dataset does not meet the current suitability threshold.

Applied Review Decisions

No active review decisions affect this ranking.

Derived Classifications

  • Disease context Crohn's disease, colorectal cancer, ulcerative colitis Disease context came from Normalization rules.
  • Likely case group Crohn's disease 26 samples
  • Likely control group No control group detected 0 samples

Intent Interpretation

  • Downgrade or exclusion reason Comparison: Unclear study design. Specimen: Tissue. Comparison suitability: 0%. Derived from current-intent ranking reasons.

Ranking Facts

Supporting evidence

  • Prioritized assay: bulk RNA-seq is the active assay expectation.
  • Interpreted disease metadata: Colorectal cancer, Crohn's disease, Ulcerative colitis.
  • Processed data is available for downstream review.
  • External evidence: PubMed links 1 publication; 1 DOI available: PMID 33384384.
  • Publication context: In Vivo Gene Expression Profile of Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells: From the Viewpoint of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics.. Drug metabolism and disposition: the biological fate of chemicals, 2021. PMID 33384384. DOI 10.1124/dmd.120.000283.

Cautions

  • Comparison: Unclear study design. Specimen: Tissue. Comparison suitability: 0%.
  • Downgraded for tissue search because study design or specimen source is unclear.
  • Excluded sample type flags reduce suitability.
  • Unclear study design downgraded for patient tissue tumor-vs-normal search intent.
  • Missing or unclear metadata. Unclear study design downgraded for patient tissue tumor-vs-normal search intent.
  • Excluded model-system sample markers reduce suitability.
  • Overall score capped because comparison suitability is weak for the selected search intent.
  • Missing or unclear metadata. Comparison - Unclear study design. Specimen - Tissue. Comparison suitability: 0%.
  • Missing or unclear metadata. Downgraded for tissue search because study design or specimen source is unclear.
  • Comparison suitability score is below the Phase 1 recommended threshold.

Dataset Warnings

Normalized Fields

113 fields

Sample Group Preview

33 rows shown
Show Hide
Study totals: Case 26 | Control 0 | Unassigned 0 | Excluded 7 | Ambiguous 0 33 rows shown
Group Role Accession Title Source / characteristics Reason
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731830 Duodenum-1 [TMG126_30_S37] Duodenum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 53; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731831 Duodenum-2 [TMG126_35_S41] Duodenum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 42; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731832 Duodenum-3 [TMG126_36_S42] Duodenum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 54; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731833 Duodenum-4 [TMG126_43_S46] Duodenum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 51; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731834 Ileum-1 [TMG126_28_S25] Ileum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 33; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731835 Ileum-2 [TMG126_31_S38] Ileum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 54; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731836 Ileum-3 [TMG126_37_S27] Ileum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 54; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731837 Ileum-4 [TMG126_40_S31] Ileum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 51; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731838 Ileum-5 [TMG126_45_S29] Ileum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 44; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731839 Ileum-6 [TMG126_47_S33] Ileum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 23; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731840 Ileum-7 [TMG126_49_S35] Ileum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 29; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731841 Colon-1 [TMG126_29_S26] Colon Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 33; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731842 Colon-2 [TMG126_32_S39] Colon Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 22; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731843 Colon-3 [TMG126_33_S43] Colon Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 22; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731844 Colon-4 [TMG126_34_S40] Colon Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 40; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731845 Colon-5 [TMG126_38_S28] Colon Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 54; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731846 Colon-6 [TMG126_41_S32] Colon Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 51; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731847 Colon-7 [TMG126_44_S47] Colon Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 27; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731848 Colon-8 [TMG126_46_S30] Colon Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 44; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731849 Colon-9 [TMG126_48_S34] Colon Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 23; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731850 Colon-10 [TMG126_50_S36] Colon Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 29; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731851 Rectum-1 [TMG126_39_S44] Rectum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 54; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731852 Rectum-2 [TMG126_42_S45] Rectum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 51; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731859 (Repeated) Duodenum-2 [TMG126_1000035_S47] Duodenum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 42; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731860 (Repeated) Ileum-5 [TMG126_1000045_S35] Ileum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 44; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Crohn's disease Case GSM4731861 (Repeated) Ileum-7 [TMG126_1000049_S41] Ileum Disease state: Crohn’s Disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC); Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age (year): 29; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Excluded: Cell line Excluded GSM4731853 Caco-2-1 [TMG126_51_S22] Caco-2 Cell line: Caco-2; Cell type: Colon-cancer cell line cell line: Normalized exclusion flag detected: cell line.
Excluded: Cell line Excluded GSM4731854 Caco-2-2 [TMG126_52_S23] Caco-2 Cell line: Caco-2; Cell type: Colon-cancer cell line cell line: Normalized exclusion flag detected: cell line.
Excluded: Cell line Excluded GSM4731855 Caco-2-3 [TMG126_53_S24] Caco-2 Cell line: Caco-2; Cell type: Colon-cancer cell line cell line: Normalized exclusion flag detected: cell line.
Excluded: Cell line Excluded GSM4731856 Undifferentiated iPS cell-1 [TMG126_25_S6] iPS-cell (YOW) Cell line: YOW; Cell type: Undifferentiated iPS-cells cell line: Normalized exclusion flag detected: cell line.
Excluded: Cell line Excluded GSM4731857 Undifferentiated iPS cell-2 [TMG126_26_S12] iPS-cell (YOW) Cell line: YOW; Cell type: Undifferentiated iPS-cells cell line: Normalized exclusion flag detected: cell line.
Excluded: Cell line Excluded GSM4731858 Undifferentiated iPS cell-3 [TMG126_27_S18] iPS-cell (YOW) Cell line: YOW; Cell type: Undifferentiated iPS-cells cell line: Normalized exclusion flag detected: cell line.
Excluded: Cell line Excluded GSM4731862 (Repeated) Caco-2-2 [TMG126_1000052_S29] Caco-2 Cell line: Caco-2; Cell type: Colon-cancer cell line cell line: Normalized exclusion flag detected: cell line.

Use as Discovery Cohort

External Validation Finder

Carry Siftome's disease, organism, specimen, assay, data type, and accession into a validation project. Uncertain fields remain Unknown.