GSE215285

Regional transcriptomics and proteomics of DMPK genes in human intestine

Whole-study status Not suitable

Dataset does not meet the current suitability threshold.

Whole-study downloads — these do not apply your sample requirements.

Selected cohort requirements

Samples meeting selected requirements: 0 cases / 0 controls

View matching samples

49 case / 0 control samples elsewhere in the study have incomplete or conflicting evidence; they are not included above

Patient pairs verified in indexed sample metadata: 0

A case/control comparison meeting these requirements is not confirmed.

Counts describe samples, not independent patients. Pair verification uses explicit subject identifiers in indexed sample metadata. Zero verified pairs does not establish that the study is unpaired; reported matched-normal design alone is insufficient.

Summary

The intestine is an organ responsible for absorption and metabolism of orally administered drugs. It is necessary to examine the human intestinal expression profiles of the genes related to drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME), for accurate prediction of pharmacokinetics in the intestine. However, previous studies had issues such as the evaluation limited to specific molecules and regions, and relatively small sample sizes. In this study, to obtain more accurate expression profiles of mRNA and protein in various regions of human intestine, biopsy samples were collected from 38 patients with various regions, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, colon and rectum, and RNA-seq analysis and quantitative proteomics analysis were performed. We performed the expression analysis of drug-metabolizing enzymes (cytochromes P450 (CYP ) and non–CYP enzymes), apical and basolateral drug transporters, and nuclear receptors. Overall, mRNA expression levels of these ADME-related molecules were highly correlated with the protein expression levels. The characteristics of the expression of ADME-related genes in human small and large intestines differed significantly, such as higher or lower expression levels of CYP enzymes in the small or large intestines, respectively. Most CYPs were expressed dominantly in the small intestine. Non-CYPs were expressed in the large intestine, but their expression levels were lower than those in the small intestine. The expression levels of ADME-related genes differed even between the proximal and distal small intestine. The expression of transporters showed their highest abundance in the ileum. The data in the present study contributes to an improved understanding of intestinal ADME of drug candidates, and would be useful for drug discovery research.

Overall design

RNA expression profiles of Intestinal biopsies

Source Evidence

4 sources
Source Contribution Status
GEO

Original dataset metadata, sample metadata, source links, and GEO data availability flags.

Sample records
61 GSM samples
Primary source
recount3

Planned trusted source for processed count availability.

No match found
Expression Atlas

Planned source for curated expression experiment links.

No match found
PubMed

Primary GEO citations and related PubMed articles that mention this dataset.

1 linked publication 1 DOI

Primary publication

  1. Regional Transcriptomics and Proteomics of Pharmacokinetics-Related Genes in Human Intestine. Molecular pharmaceutics, 2023
Available

Metadata Quality Components

Analysis Readiness

Not ready
43% DE readiness

Contrast completeness

10/25 pts

Only one side of the contrast is present; downstream DE needs both groups.

Minimum group size

0/20 pts

Minimum group size cannot be evaluated until a complete contrast exists.

Processed data availability

20/20 pts

Processed data is marked available in the GEO index.

Sample decision clarity

3/15 pts

Unassigned or review-needed samples remain before analysis.

Blocking warnings

0/10 pts

Critical warnings must be resolved before downstream analysis.

Metadata normalization

10/10 pts

Metadata quality is high enough to support downstream handoff.

Blockers

  • No complete case/control contrast is available.
  • 12 samples are still unassigned.
  • Critical dataset warnings must be resolved.

Next Steps

  • Resolve unassigned or review-needed samples in the grouping table.
  • Resolve critical warnings before downstream analysis.

Analysis Preparation Checklist

3/6 ready

Group labels reviewed

Blocked

No complete case/control grouping exists yet.

Review the sample grouping table and assign both case and control groups.

Minimum sample count met

Blocked

At least one group has fewer than 2 samples.

Choose a larger dataset or merge only scientifically valid groups.

Processed counts available

Ready

Processed data availability is marked true in the GEO index.

Verify that downloaded processed files contain usable count or expression identifiers.

Ambiguous samples handled

Needs review

0 review-needed samples and 12 unassigned samples remain.

Resolve ambiguous and unassigned samples before finalizing the contrast.

Exclusion decisions recorded

Ready

No hard-excluded samples were detected by the current rules.

Record any manual exclusions in the downstream analysis notes.

Source traceability preserved

Ready

The dataset and sample accessions can be traced back to GEO.

Keep GEO accessions with exported metadata.

Bioinformatician Review

Bioinformatician review required

Ask a bioinformatician to review grouping, count availability, exclusions, and design before DE.

Analysis readiness has blockers that must be resolved before DE.

Analysis preparation checklist contains blocked items.

No complete case/control or treatment/control contrast is available.

At least one comparison group has fewer than two samples.

One or more samples are unassigned and need manual grouping decisions.

Critical dataset warnings are present.

Study design is model-system or unclear and should be reviewed before analysis.

Why This Is Ranked Here

Tumor vs normal
Not suitable Dataset does not meet the current suitability threshold.

Applied Review Decisions

No active review decisions affect this ranking.

Derived Classifications

  • Disease context Inflammatory bowel disease Disease context came from Normalization rules.
  • Likely case group Inflammatory bowel disease 49 samples
  • Likely control group No control group detected 0 samples

Intent Interpretation

  • Downgrade or exclusion reason Comparison: Unclear study design. Specimen: Tissue. Comparison suitability: 0%. Derived from current-intent ranking reasons.

Ranking Facts

Supporting evidence

  • Prioritized assay: bulk RNA-seq is the active assay expectation.
  • Interpreted disease metadata: Inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Processed data is available for downstream review.
  • External evidence: PubMed links 1 publication; 1 DOI available: PMID 37132462.
  • Publication context: Regional Transcriptomics and Proteomics of Pharmacokinetics-Related Genes in Human Intestine.. Molecular pharmaceutics, 2023. PMID 37132462. DOI 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c01002.

Cautions

  • Comparison: Unclear study design. Specimen: Tissue. Comparison suitability: 0%.
  • Downgraded for tissue search because study design or specimen source is unclear.
  • Unclear study design downgraded for patient tissue tumor-vs-normal search intent.
  • Missing or unclear metadata. Unclear study design downgraded for patient tissue tumor-vs-normal search intent.
  • Overall score capped because comparison suitability is weak for the selected search intent.
  • Missing or unclear metadata. Comparison - Unclear study design. Specimen - Tissue. Comparison suitability: 0%.
  • Missing or unclear metadata. Downgraded for tissue search because study design or specimen source is unclear.
  • Comparison suitability score is below the Phase 1 recommended threshold.

Dataset Warnings

Normalized Fields

147 fields

Sample Group Preview

61 rows shown
Show Hide
Study totals: Case 49 | Control 0 | Unassigned 12 | Excluded 0 | Ambiguous 0 61 rows shown
Group Role Accession Title Source / characteristics Reason
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631166 Ileum-05 Ileum Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Ileum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 61; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631167 Colon-07 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 61; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631168 Colon-08 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 34; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631169 Duodenum-07 Duodenum Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Duodenum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 34; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631170 Ileum-06 Ileum Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Ileum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 34; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631171 Colon-09 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 34; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631172 Ileum-07 Ileum Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Ileum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 34; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631173 Duodenum-11 Duodenum Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Duodenum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 31; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631174 Ileum-08 Ileum Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Ileum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 62; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631175 Rectum-03 Rectum Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Rectum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 62; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631176 Colon-22 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 60; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631177 Colon-11 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 33; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631178 Colon-12 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 59; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631179 Ileum-09 Ileum Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Ileum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 31; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631180 Colon-23 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 56; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631181 Colon-14 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 45; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631182 Ileum-10 Ileum Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Ileum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 31; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631183 Rectum-05 Rectum Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Rectum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 31; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631185 Colon-16 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 22; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631186 Colon-17 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 21; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631188 Colon-19 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 57; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631189 Ileum-01 Ileum Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Ileum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 26; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631190 Colon-01 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 26; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631192 Colon-20 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 59; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631193 Colon-21 Colon Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 37; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM6631195 Ileum-11 Ileum Disease state: IBD; Tissue: Ileum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 48; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074267 Ileum-04 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 33; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074268 Colon-06 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 33; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074269 Duodenum-04 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 53; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074270 Ileum-12 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 54; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074271 Colon-24 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 22; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074272 Colon-25 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 22; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074273 Colon-26 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 40; Genotype: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074274 Duodenum-03 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 42; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074275 Duodenum-02 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 54; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074276 Ileum-13 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 26; Genotype: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074277 Colon-27 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 26; Genotype: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074278 Rectum-02 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 54; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074279 Ileum-14 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 51; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074280 Colon-02 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 51; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074281 Rectum-01 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 51; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074282 Duodenum-01 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 51; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074283 Colon-03 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 27; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074284 Ileum-02 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 44; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074285 Colon-04 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 44; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074286 Ileum-03 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 23; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074287 Colon-05 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 23; Genotype: Male; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074288 Ileum-15 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 29; Genotype: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM7074289 Colon-28 IBD Tissue: IBD; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 29; Genotype: Female; Race: Japanese Case marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM6631159 Duodenum-05 Duodenum Disease state: Non; Tissue: Duodenum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 44; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM6631160 Duodenum-06 Duodenum Disease state: Non; Tissue: Duodenum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 70; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM6631161 Duodenum-09 Duodenum Disease state: Non; Tissue: Duodenum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 26; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM6631162 Duodenum-10 Duodenum Disease state: Non; Tissue: Duodenum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 74; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM6631163 Rectum-04 Rectum Disease state: Non; Tissue: Rectum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 72; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM6631164 Colon-13 Colon Disease state: Non; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 71; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM6631165 Duodenum-12 Duodenum Disease state: Non; Tissue: Duodenum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 20; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM6631184 Colon-15 Colon Disease state: Non; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 43; Sex: Female; Race: Japanese No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM6631187 Colon-18 Colon Disease state: Non; Tissue: Colon; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 63; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM6631191 Jejunum-01 Jejunum Disease state: Non; Tissue: Jejunum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 78; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM6631194 Jejunum-02 Jejunum Disease state: Non; Tissue: Jejunum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 61; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM6631196 Jejunum-03 Jejunum Disease state: Non; Tissue: Jejunum; Sampling region: Non-inflammatory area; Age: 35; Sex: Male; Race: Japanese No explicit case or control marker detected.

Use as Discovery Cohort

External Validation Finder

Carry Siftome's disease, organism, specimen, assay, data type, and accession into a validation project. Uncertain fields remain Unknown.