GSE4183

Inflammation, adenoma and cancer: objective classification of colon biopsy specimens with gene expression signature

Whole-study status Not suitable

Dataset does not meet the current suitability threshold.

Whole-study downloads — these do not apply your sample requirements.

Selected cohort requirements

Samples meeting selected requirements: 0 cases / 0 controls

View matching samples

30 case / 8 control samples elsewhere in the study have incomplete or conflicting evidence; they are not included above

Patient pairs verified in indexed sample metadata: 0

A case/control comparison meeting these requirements is not confirmed.

Counts describe samples, not independent patients. Pair verification uses explicit subject identifiers in indexed sample metadata. Zero verified pairs does not establish that the study is unpaired; reported matched-normal design alone is insufficient.

Summary

Background and Aims: Gene expression analysis of colon biopsies using high-density oligonucleotide microarray can contribute to the understanding of local pathophysiological alterations and to functional classification of precancerous adenoma, different stage colorectal carcinomas (CRC) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Results: Significant overexpression of collagen IV, lipocalin-2, caveolin-1, calumenin genes, and significant dowregulation of aquaporin-8, amnionless homolog, prostaglandin D2 receptor genes were detected in CRC patients compared to normal. Adenoma samples were characterized by upregulated CD44 antigen, met proto-oncogene and downregulated chemokine ligand-12, ADAM-like decysin-1 and ATP-binding casette A8 discriminatory genes. In IBD samples significantly increased lipocalin-2, interferon induced transmembrane protein 1 and 3 mRNA levels, decreased zinc finger protein 91 and transient receptor potential cation channel M6 mRNA levels were found. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease can be distinguished according to the top five genes: cyclin-G2; tripartite motif-containing-31; TNFR shedding aminopeptidase regulator-1; C-type lectin superfamily member-14 and AMICA. 88.3-97.8% of the cases was correctly classified according to discriminatory genes. Conclusions: Our whole genomic microarray analysis of biopsy samples provides discriminative signatures, and an insight into pathophysiological background of colonic diseases. The results afford a data warehouse which can be further mined for in-depth pathway analyses. Keywords: Colon biopsy specimens in diseased and normal state

Overall design

Total RNA was extracted, amplified and biotinylated from frozen colonic biopsies of 15 patients with CRC, 15 with adenoma, 15 with IBD and 8 healthy normal controls. Genome-wide gene expression profile was evaluated by HGU133 Plus 2.0 microarrays. Gene expression was also measured by real-time PCR.

Source Evidence

4 sources
Source Contribution Status
GEO

Original dataset metadata, sample metadata, source links, and GEO data availability flags.

Sample records
53 GSM samples
Primary source
recount3

Planned trusted source for processed count availability.

No match found
Expression Atlas

Curated expression experiment linkage and source URL.

Expression Atlas accession
E-GEOD-4183
Available
PubMed

Primary GEO citations and related PubMed articles that mention this dataset.

12 linked publications 12 DOIs

Primary publication

  1. Inflammation, adenoma and cancer: objective classification of colon biopsy specimens with gene expression signature. Disease markers, 2008
  2. Evaluation of microarray preprocessing algorithms based on concordance with RT-PCR in clinical samples. PloS one, 2009
  3. Dysplasia-carcinoma transition specific transcripts in colonic biopsy samples. PloS one, 2012

Related publications

  1. VIPR1 induces cuproptosis and inhibits the HIF-1α pathway in colon cancer. Journal of biochemical and molecular toxicology, 2025
  2. Identification of key genes associated with colorectal cancer based on the transcriptional network. Pathology oncology research : POR, 2015
  3. Downregulation of solute carrier family 4 members 4 as a biomarker for colorectal cancer. Discover oncology, 2025
  4. IKZF1 promotes pyroptosis and prevents M2 macrophage polarization by inhibiting JAK2/STAT5 pathway in colon cancer. Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular basis of disease, 2025
  5. Modeling oncogenic signaling in colon tumors by multidirectional analyses of microarray data directed for maximization of analytical reliability. PloS one, 2010
  6. Myofibroblast-derived SFRP1 as potential inhibitor of colorectal carcinoma field effect. PloS one, 2014
  7. Identification CCL2,CXCR2,S100A9 of the immune-related gene markers and immune infiltration characteristics of inflammatory bowel disease and heart failure via bioinformatics analysis and machine learning. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2023
  8. Identification of shared gene signatures and molecular mechanisms between chronic kidney disease and ulcerative colitis. Frontiers in immunology, 2023
  9. Aging related methylation influences the gene expression of key control genes in colorectal cancer and adenoma. World journal of gastroenterology, 2016
Available

Metadata Quality Components

Analysis Readiness

Review before analysis
85% DE readiness

Contrast completeness

25/25 pts

Both case and control groups are present in the proposed grouping.

Minimum group size

20/20 pts

Each contrast group has at least 2 samples.

Processed data availability

20/20 pts

Processed data is marked available in the GEO index.

Sample decision clarity

3/15 pts

Unassigned or review-needed samples remain before analysis.

Blocking warnings

7/10 pts

Warnings are present, but none are critical blockers.

Metadata normalization

10/10 pts

Metadata quality is high enough to support downstream handoff.

Blockers

  • 15 samples are still unassigned.

Next Steps

  • Resolve unassigned or review-needed samples in the grouping table.

Analysis Preparation Checklist

4/6 ready

Group labels reviewed

Needs review

Siftome proposed case and control labels, but no reviewer confirmation is stored yet.

Open the sample grouping CSV and confirm group labels before analysis.

Minimum sample count met

Ready

Both groups meet the minimum of 2 samples.

Confirm whether the cohort is large enough for the intended statistical analysis.

Processed counts available

Ready

Processed data availability is marked true in the GEO index.

Verify that downloaded processed files contain usable count or expression identifiers.

Ambiguous samples handled

Needs review

0 review-needed samples and 15 unassigned samples remain.

Resolve ambiguous and unassigned samples before finalizing the contrast.

Exclusion decisions recorded

Ready

No hard-excluded samples were detected by the current rules.

Record any manual exclusions in the downstream analysis notes.

Source traceability preserved

Ready

The dataset and sample accessions can be traced back to GEO.

Keep GEO accessions with exported metadata.

Bioinformatician Review

Bioinformatician review required

Ask a bioinformatician to review grouping, count availability, exclusions, and design before DE.

Analysis readiness has blockers that must be resolved before DE.

One or more samples are unassigned and need manual grouping decisions.

Assay context may require expert handling before DESeq2-style analysis.

Why This Is Ranked Here

Tumor vs normal
Not suitable Dataset does not meet the current suitability threshold.

Applied Review Decisions

No active review decisions affect this ranking.

Derived Classifications

  • Assay differs from search intent Microarray Search intent expects bulk RNA-seq. Assay came from Normalization rules.
  • Disease context Crohn's disease, colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis Disease context came from Normalization rules.
  • Likely case group Colorectal cancer 30 samples
  • Likely control group Normal tissue 8 samples

Intent Interpretation

  • Downgrade or exclusion reason Downgraded assay: microarray cohorts are separated from the RNA-seq intent. Derived from current-intent ranking reasons.

Ranking Facts

Supporting evidence

  • Comparison: Disease/model vs control. Specimen: Biopsy. Comparison suitability: 0%.
  • Interpreted disease metadata: Colorectal cancer, Crohn's disease, Inflammatory bowel disease, Ulcerative colitis.
  • Processed data is available for downstream review.
  • External evidence: Expression Atlas curated experiment link is available.
  • External evidence: PubMed links 12 publications; 12 DOIs available: PMID 18776587, PMID 19461970, PMID 20957034, PMID 23155391, PMID 25405986.
  • Publication context: Inflammation, adenoma and cancer: objective classification of colon biopsy specimens with gene expression signature.. Disease markers, 2008. PMID 18776587. DOI 10.1155/2008/586721.
  • Publication context: Evaluation of microarray preprocessing algorithms based on concordance with RT-PCR in clinical samples.. PloS one, 2009. PMID 19461970. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0005645.
  • Publication context: Modeling oncogenic signaling in colon tumors by multidirectional analyses of microarray data directed for maximization of analytical reliability.. PloS one, 2010. PMID 20957034. DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0013091.
  • Publication context: 9 additional linked PubMed publications are available.

Cautions

  • Downgraded assay: microarray cohorts are separated from the RNA-seq intent.
  • Disease/control design without a tumor/normal comparison is outside tumor/normal triage.
  • Microarray expression context downgraded below primary bulk RNA-seq for the default tissue ranking.
  • Overall score capped because comparison suitability is weak for the selected search intent.
  • Overall score capped because microarray cohorts should be compared separately from RNA-seq cohorts.
  • Comparison suitability score is below the Phase 1 recommended threshold.

Dataset Warnings

Normalized Fields

257 fields

Sample Group Preview

53 rows shown
Show Hide
Study totals: Case 30 | Control 8 | Unassigned 15 | Excluded 0 | Ambiguous 0 53 rows shown
Group Role Accession Title Source / characteristics Reason
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95496 Colon_CRC_1146 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95497 Colon_CRC_1158 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95498 Colon_CRC_1293 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95499 Colon_CRC_1316 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95500 Colon_CRC_1377 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95501 Colon_CRC_1479 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95502 Colon_CRC_1486 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95503 Colon_CRC_1494 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95504 Colon_CRC_1499 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95505 Colon_CRC_1556 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95506 Colon_CRC_1651 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95507 Colon_CRC_1708 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95508 Colon_CRC_1739 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95509 Colon_CRC_1761 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Colorectal cancer Case GSM95510 Colon_CRC_1883 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95511 Colon_IBD_1110 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95512 Colon_IBD_1118 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95513 Colon_IBD_1537 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95514 Colon_IBD_1670 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95515 Colon_IBD_1802 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95516 Colon_IBD_923 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95517 Colon_IBD_1017 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95518 Colon_IBD_1060 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95519 Colon_IBD_1156 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95520 Colon_IBD_1175 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95521 Colon_IBD_1368 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95522 Colon_IBD_1533 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95523 Colon_IBD_1606 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95524 Colon_IBD_1665 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Inflammatory bowel disease Case GSM95525 Colon_IBD_939 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Case marker detected.
Normal tissue Control GSM95473 Colon_normal_1024 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Control marker detected.
Normal tissue Control GSM95474 Colon_normal_1081 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Control marker detected.
Normal tissue Control GSM95475 Colon_normal_1114 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Control marker detected.
Normal tissue Control GSM95476 Colon_normal_1122 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Control marker detected.
Normal tissue Control GSM95477 Colon_normal_1357 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Control marker detected.
Normal tissue Control GSM95478 Colon_normal_1431 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Control marker detected.
Normal tissue Control GSM95479 Colon_normal_1440 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Control marker detected.
Normal tissue Control GSM95480 Colon_normal_1456 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen Control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95481 Colon_adenoma_1115 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95482 Colon_adenoma_1138 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95483 Colon_adenoma_1141 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95484 Colon_adenoma_1154 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95485 Colon_adenoma_1187 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95486 Colon_adenoma_1312 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95487 Colon_adenoma_1419 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95488 Colon_adenoma_1700 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95489 Colon_adenoma_1748 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95490 Colon_adenoma_1830 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95491 Colon_adenoma_1832 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95492 Colon_adenoma_956 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95493 Colon_adenoma_980 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95494 Colon_adenoma_983 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.
Unassigned Unassigned GSM95495 Colon_adenoma_995 Colon biopsy Biopsy specimen No explicit case or control marker detected.

Use as Discovery Cohort

External Validation Finder

Carry Siftome's disease, organism, specimen, assay, data type, and accession into a validation project. Uncertain fields remain Unknown.